When it comes to buying a home, many people are drawn to the charm and character of older properties. The appeal of high ceilings, intricate woodwork, and spacious rooms is undeniable. But if you’re considering purchasing an older home, there’s more to think about than just aesthetics. Sure, those crown moldings and original hardwood floors are beautiful, but what lies beneath the surface? Older homes can come with their own set of issues, and you need to be vigilant when it comes to inspecting key areas before you commit.
Buying a home is a huge financial decision, and if you don’t pay attention to potential problem areas in an older house, you could find yourself facing some very costly repairs. Let’s be honest, nobody wants to wake up in their new (to them) home only to discover a leaking roof or sinking foundation. These things can quickly turn your dream home into a money pit.
So, how do you go about protecting yourself? What exactly should you be looking for when touring an older property? While it’s easy to be swept away by the charm and the spaciousness, make sure you’re also paying close attention to these six critical areas. Doing your homework now could save you a lot of heartache (and money) later.
1. Foundations: The Literal Groundwork of Your Home
The foundation of any home is crucial, but this is especially true for older properties. Over time, homes settle, ground shifts, and the structure can start to show signs of wear and tear. This can result in cracked or uneven foundations, and fixing these issues is no small feat. In fact, the median cost for foundation repairs is around $4,500, and depending on the extent of the damage, that number can climb even higher.
So, how can you tell if the foundation of a home might be an issue? Start by looking for uneven floors, doors that don’t close properly, or visible cracks in the drywall. These can all be red flags that the foundation has shifted. Water damage, especially in basements, can also be a sign that something’s wrong with the foundation. And let’s not forget about structural instability — nobody wants to deal with that after moving in.
2. Roof: The Overhead Protection
In an older home, it’s quite possible that the roof is original, or at least close to it. Most roofs have a lifespan of 15 to 25 years, depending on the materials used. If the home hasn’t had a roof replacement recently, you could be looking at an expensive repair job right out of the gate. A new roof can set you back anywhere from $5,000 to $10,000 or more depending on the size of the home and the materials you choose.
When viewing an older property, look for signs that the roof isn’t in its best condition. Check for missing tiles, sagging areas, or signs of water damage inside the house. Water stains on ceilings and walls are a dead giveaway that the roof is leaking. If the gutters are clogged or there’s evidence of rot, mold, or mildew, those are also signs that the roof isn’t in the best shape. If you can, get up in the attic and inspect the rafters for signs of damage. It’s always better to catch these things before you’re the one stuck paying for them.
3. Plumbing: Modern Conveniences, Old Problems
Old homes often come with original plumbing, and that can be a big issue. Plumbing has come a long way in recent decades, but homes built before the 1980s might still have galvanized steel or even lead pipes. Lead pipes, in particular, can pose a health hazard, and galvanized steel is prone to rust and corrosion, which can lead to leaks and water damage.
When touring an older property, make sure to turn on the faucets, flush the toilets, and look for signs of leaks. Check under sinks and around bathtubs for water stains or mold, which can indicate a plumbing problem. Replacing the plumbing in an entire house is no small task — and certainly not cheap. You could be looking at a bill upwards of $10,000 depending on the size of the home and the extent of the damage.
4. Electrical System: Is It Up to Code?
The electrical system in an older home is another potential area of concern. Homes built in the mid-20th century or earlier often have outdated wiring that isn’t equipped to handle the demands of modern appliances and electronics. Knob-and-tube wiring, common in homes built before the 1950s, is a fire hazard, and many insurance companies won’t cover homes with this type of wiring. Even if the home has more recent wiring, older electrical panels may not be sufficient for today’s energy demands.
When viewing an older property, check the outlets and switches. Are the outlets grounded? Do they get warm to the touch? Flickering lights, warm outlet plates, and frequently tripping circuit breakers are all signs that the electrical system may need an upgrade. The cost to completely rewire a home can run upwards of $15,000, so it’s definitely worth looking into before you buy.
5. Pests: Unwanted Roommates
No one likes to think about pests when buying a home, but it’s a reality you need to consider, especially in older properties. Homes that have been vacant for a while, or those that haven’t been well maintained, are more susceptible to pest infestations. Termites, rodents, and even bats can take up residence in an older home, and getting rid of them can be both time-consuming and expensive.
When walking through an older home, keep an eye out for signs of pests. Mouse droppings, strange smells, unexplained damage to wood or wires, or even the presence of humane rat traps can all be indicators that the home has an infestation. Termite damage is especially concerning because it can weaken the structure of the house. If you suspect a pest problem, it’s a good idea to hire a pest control company to inspect the home before you make an offer.
6. Asbestos and Lead Paint: Hidden Hazards
Many older homes were built before we fully understood the health hazards of certain materials. Asbestos and lead are common in homes built prior to the 1980s. Asbestos, often found in insulation, floor tiles, and siding, along with lead paint, which was widely used until the late 1970s, can both pose serious health risks if not properly handled. If the home you’re considering was built before 1980, there’s a good chance one or both of these materials could be present.
As long as asbestos and lead paint are in good condition and left undisturbed, they don’t pose an immediate risk. However, if you plan to renovate, you’ll need to have them professionally removed, which can be quite costly. Asbestos removal alone can cost thousands of dollars, and lead paint abatement carries a similar price tag. Before buying an older home, it’s crucial to test for these hazardous materials so you can account for any necessary removal or containment costs in your budget.
Older homes certainly have their charm, but they can also come with a lot of baggage. By being aware of the potential issues — from foundation problems to outdated wiring — you can go into the home-buying process with your eyes wide open. Sure, some repairs are to be expected when buying an older home, but knowing what you’re getting into will help you make a more informed decision. After all, buying a home is one of the biggest financial commitments you’ll ever make, and you want to make sure it’s a sound investment, not a money pit.
